Assalamualaikum & hai,
Architecture in Malaysia is a combination of many styles,
from Islamic and Chinese styles to those brought by European colonists. Malay
architecture has changed due to these influences. Houses in the north are
similar to those in Thailand, while those in the south are similar to those in
Java. New materials, such as glass and nails, were brought in by Europeans,
changing the architecture. Houses are built for tropical conditions, raised on
stilts with high roofs and large windows, allowing air to flow through the
house and cool it down. Wood has been the main building material for much of
Malaysia's history; it is used for everything from the simple kampung to royal
palaces. In Negeri Sembilan traditional houses are entirely free of nails.
Besides wood, other common materials such as bamboo and leaves were used. The
Istana Kenangan in Kuala Kangar was built in 1926, and it the only Malay palace
with bamboo walls. The indigenous people of East Malaysia live in longhouses
and water villages. Longhouses are elevated and on stilts, and can house 20 to
100 families. Water villages are also built on stilts, with houses connected
with planks and most transport by boats.
Chinese architecture can be divided into two types,
traditional and Baba Nyonya. Baba Nyonya households are made of colourful tiles
and have large indoor courtyards. Indian architecture came with the Malaysian
Indians, reflecting the architecture of southern India where most originated
from. Some Sikh architecture was also imported. Malacca, which was a
traditional centre of trade, has a large variety of building styles. Large
wooden structures such as the Palace of Sultan Mansur Shah exist from early
periods. Chinese influence can be seen in brightly decorated temples and
terraced shop houses. The largest remaining Portuguese structure in Malacca is
the A Famosa fort. Other colonial building include the Dutch Stadthuys, the
Dutch Colonial town brick buildings, and buildings built by the British such as
the Memorial Hall, which combines Baroque and Islamic architecture.
The shapes and sizes of houses differ from state to state.
Common elements in Peninsular Malaysia include pitched roofs, verandahs, and
high ceilings, raised on stilts for ventilation. The woodwork in the house is
often intricately carved. The floors are at different levels depending on the
function of the room. Mosques have traditionally been based on Javanese
architecture. In modern times, the government has promoted different projects,
from the tallest twin buildings in the world, the Petronas Twin Towers, to a
whole garden city, Putrajaya. Malaysian firms are developing skyscraper designs
that are specifically for tropical climates.
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